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Jaunpur City: A Historical and Cultural Gem
Overview:
Jaunpur is a city located in the eastern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is situated on the banks of the Gomti River and serves as the administrative headquarters of the Jaunpur district. With a rich history spanning over centuries, Jaunpur holds significant cultural and historical importance.
History:
* The city was founded by Syed Jamal-ud-Din Firuz Shah in 1359 AD.
* It flourished under the Sharqi Sultanate, becoming the capital of the Jaunpur Sultanate.
* During the Mughal era, Jaunpur remained a prominent center for trade and culture.
* It was later conquered by the British and became part of the East India Company.
Geography:
* Jaunpur is located approximately 420 kilometers southeast of Lucknow, the capital of Uttar Pradesh.
* The city has an area of around 109 square kilometers and lies at an elevation of 83 meters above sea level.
* It experiences a humid subtropical climate with hot summers and mild winters.
Demographics:
* Population: Approximately 5.3 lakh (as of 2020)
* Literacy rate: 75%
* Majority religion: Islam
Culture and Heritage:
* Jaunpur has a strong Islamic and Hindu heritage, evident in its architecture, art, and music.
* The city is famous for its intricate Sharqi architecture, including:
* The Atala Masjid: A mosque known for its ornate brickwork and blue and green tiles.
* The Shahi Qila: A fort built by the Sharqi kings.
* The Panchpir Dargah: A Sufi shrine dedicated to five saints.
* Jaunpur is also known for its traditional crafts, such as handloom weaving, pottery, and metalwork.
* The city is home to several museums and libraries that showcase its rich cultural history, including the Munshi Premchand Sahitya Sangrahalaya and the Jaunpur Museum.
Economy:
* The economy of Jaunpur is primarily based on agriculture, trade, and tourism.
* Major crops grown in the area include rice, wheat, and sugarcane.
* The city has several industrial and commercial establishments, including cotton mills, sugar mills, and chemical industries.
Education:
* Jaunpur has a number of educational institutions, including:
* Veer Bahadur Singh Purvanchal University
* Jaunpur Medical College
* Ramanujan College
* The city is known for producing renowned scholars and intellectuals.
Tourism:
* Jaunpur is a popular tourist destination due to its historical and cultural significance.
* Major tourist attractions include:
* The Sharqi monuments
* The Panchpir Dargah
* The Munshi Premchand Sahitya Sangrahalaya
* The city also offers opportunities for river rafting and boating on the Gomti River.
Notable People:
* Munshi Premchand: Renowned Hindi novelist and writer
* Mirza Ghalib: Famous Urdu poet
* Faiz Ahmad Faiz: Prominent Urdu poet and writer
Other Facts:
* Jaunpur is often referred to as the "City of Weavers" due to its strong textile industry.
* The city is home to the oldest cricket stadium in Uttar Pradesh, the Gandhi Khel Parisar.
* Jaunpur has been featured in several Bollywood films and TV shows.
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